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Elena S. Gozman
Кировский государственный медицинский университет, Киров, Россия, alenablumari@yandex.ru
Ovarian neoplasms are in the leading positions in the structure of oncological diseases of the reproductive system of women. Moreover, malignant ovarian tumors, as a rule, are detected only in the late stages of the disease, so ovarian cancer is the main cause of unfavorable and fatal outcomes in gynecological oncology. Accordingly, clinical criteria and instrumental studies are not enough to distinguish the forms of tumors from each other, to assess the possibility of transformation of a borderline tumor into a malignant one, as well as to determine the stage of development of the tumor process, therefore, genetic markers of transformation of borderline ovarian tumors into highly differentiated ovarian cancer are used and studied for diagnostic purposes. This paper provides information on genetic markers of the transformation of borderline ovarian tumors into highly differentiated ovarian cancer. Based on the analysis of literature data, it was analyzed that mutational changes in genes such as BRAF, KRAS, PTEN, p53 affect the level of aggressiveness of tumor cells. A comprehensive study of genetic markers in clinical practice allows for early diagnosis of neoplasms, differential diagnosis of tumors, as well as increasing the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of ovarian neoplasms.
genetics, histology, ovarian tumor, borderline ovarian tumor
Е.С. Гозман – аспирант кафедры гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии, Кировский государственный медицинский университет, Киров, Россия.